杂色鲍与2种海藻混养效果研究

在广东海洋大学东海岛海洋生物研究基地,模拟研究了杂色鲍(Hallotis diversicolor Reeve)与灰叶马尾藻(Sargassum cinereum)、细基江蓠繁枝变种(Gracilaria tenuistipitata var.Liui)生态混合养殖效果,分析了2种海藻对养殖水体中氮盐、磷盐的控制作用以及杂色鲍、2种海藻的生长状况。结果表明:鲍鱼与这两种大型海藻混合养殖,可明显提高鲍鱼的成活率,降低养殖水体中氮、磷盐含量,从而改善鲍鱼养殖环境。单种养殖的鲍鱼病死率是混养病死率的1.92倍。低密度混合养殖时,鲍鱼生长率较高。鲍鱼混合养殖水体中的氮盐、磷盐含量均明显低于单种养殖的,细基江蓠繁枝变种比灰叶马尾藻具有更强的吸收氮盐与磷盐能力。     

基于系统图法的低碳城市建设对策研究

指出了低碳城市建设是发展低碳经济的重要载体,是建设生态文明的必由之路,中国建设低碳城市是应对全球气候变化,适应全球经济发展趋势,转变城市发展方式,树立积极的国际形象的必然选择,而系统地探寻适宜中国低碳城市建设对策是当前的重中之重。系统图法有助于掌握低碳城市建设问题的全貌,明确问题的重点,系统地找到低碳城市建设的对策。基于系统图法原理分析了低碳城市建设对策问题,确定了4个二级目标,8个三级目标,16个最终对策。     

紫薇栽培管理技术

指出了紫薇作为城乡绿化的重要树种，适宜于庭院、园路两侧、池畔河边栽植。结合栽培管理实践，系统地总结了紫薇树的育苗、修剪和病虫害防治技术。     

化学打顶剂在甘肃棉花上的应用效果

2015年在甘肃敦煌植棉区，应用2种化学打顶剂进行不同施用时间和剂量的田间试验表明，土优塔化学打顶剂在6月28日前后、以900 mL·hm^－2的剂量使用，对棉花有较好的封顶效果，对产量及产量构成因子和纤维长度影响不大。2016年示范结果与2015年试验一致     

Dietary protein requirement of juvenile obscure puffer,Takifugu obscurus

A 10‐week feeding experiment was conducted to determine the optimum dietary protein requirement of juvenile obscure puffer (Takifugu obscurus). Six isoenergetic (20 MJ kg^?1 gross energy) diets were formulated to contain graded levels of 34%, 38%, 42%, 46%, 50% or 54% crude protein (as dry matter basis). The results showed final body weight, weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) increased significantly with increasing protein levels up to 42% and then decreased thereafer. Second‐order polynomial regression analysis (y = ?0.0024x² + 0.1788x ? 1.3196, R² = 0.9032) indicated a maximum SGR at protein level of 37%. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased with increasing levels of dietary protein up to 42% and increased thereafter. Second‐order polynomial regression analysis (y = 0.0054x² ? 0.4351x + 10.391, R² = 0.753) indicated a minimum FCR at protein level of 40%. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed the 34%, 38% and 42% diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the 46%, 50% and 54% diets, and broken‐line analysis indicated PER tended to decrease when dietary protein level was higher than 40%. Generally, whole body lipid content, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and triacylglycerol decreased with increasing levels of dietary protein. Fish fed the 42% protein diet showed the highest essential amino acids (histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine and threonine) and non‐essential amino acids (aspartic acid and glutamic acid) in muscle. Based on the second‐degree polynomial regression analysis of SGR and FCR and broken‐line analysis of PER, the optimal dietary protein level of obscure puffer is estimated to be between 37% and 40% (% as dry matter basis).     

Effect of dietary phosphorus levels on growth and body composition of crucian carp,Carassius auratus under indoor and outdoor experiments

Indoor and outdoor experiments were carried out simultaneously to evaluate the effects of dietary phosphorus levels on growth performance and body composition of crucian carp. Monocalcium was used to formulate extruded feed containing available phosphorus (AP) of 1.5 (D1), 4.7 (D2), 6.3 (D3) and 9.0 (D4) g kg^?1. Twelve 500‐L recirculating tanks were assigned to four triplicate groups with each tank stocked with 15 juveniles (39.88 ± 0.14 g) for indoor experiment. Twelve polyethylene enclosures were assigned to four groups with each one stocked with 120 juveniles (44.08 ± 1.36 g). After 8 weeks of feeding, survival ranged from 96% to 100%. Weight gain, special growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion rate did not show significant differences among dietary treatments in both experiments. Fish cultured in the enclosures grew better, although D1 and D2 treatments did not reach significant level. Crude protein and phosphorus content of the fish were not significantly affected by dietary phosphorus level. Moisture, crude lipid, crude ash and vertebrae phosphorus were significantly affected by different phosphorus levels. Based on vertebrae phosphorus, crucian carp cultured in the tanks and in the enclosures showed phosphorus deficiency under 4.7 g kg^?1 and 6.3 g kg^?1 AP, respectively.     

4个国外接骨木属种质资源引种与生物学特性研究

为探讨4个接骨木品种在河南省郑州地区的引种表现及适应性,2015—2019年定期观测引种的‘金叶’、‘金羽’、‘花叶’、‘紫云’4个国外接骨木品种,采用层次分析法进行性状评价。研究结果表明,露地栽培中,引种的4个接骨木品种均可在郑州地区正常生长、开花、结果。4个接骨木品种均生长健壮,枝繁叶茂,花期较长,较耐低温。以观赏性、适应性、生长特性权重分配分别为0.4、0.3、0.3进行综合分析评价,综合分值表现为‘金叶’接骨木>‘花叶’接骨木>‘金羽’接骨木>‘紫云’接骨木。由此可见,4种接骨木均具有较高的观赏价值和适应性,可广泛用于郑州地区城市园林绿化和美化。     

山西省冬小麦生产潜力时空分布与气象因子分析

估算一定区域内作物生产潜力,对于明确该区域作物生产力及其限制因子具有重要意义。采用农业生态区域法和生产潜力递减机制法估算山西省冬小麦生产潜力,并解析其与主要气象因子的关系。结果表明,2004-2013年山西省冬小麦平均光合、光温、气候和土地生产潜力分别介于63.63~74.81、10.86~12.97、3.68~5.65和2.71~4.73t/hm ²。山西冬小麦生产潜力分布特征为南部普遍低于中部地区,中部盆地地区普遍低于东西部高海拔地区。与2004-2008年相比,2009-2013年晋中西部地区和吕梁冬小麦光合和光温生产潜力有所增加,而晋中东部和长治东部的冬小麦气候和土地生产潜力有所降低。限制冬小麦气候和土地生产潜力的主要气象因子是生育期降水量和日平均温度。     

电子束技术在竹材仓储中的应用前景

基于电子束技术处理仓储竹材和竹制品，是核技术和林业产业交叉发展的高科技产业。将电子束技术引入竹子仓储加工领域，使辐照代替竹材化学防护剂，辐射能代替热能，可显著降低能源消耗，符合我国节能减排、环境友好等基本国策。文章在总结竹材γ射线辐照改性技术研究的基础上，阐述了“电子加速器及其衍生技术”引入竹材改性领域的优越性，可以替代⁶⁰Co实现辐照加工竹材，解决当前辐照技术在竹质材料领域应用的科学性问题，并提出基于电子束技术的竹材仓储加工和功能性改良发展方向，对于推动竹材仓储加工技术的升级，实现竹材电子束处理技术的高效化、精准化、规模化、市场化，具有深远的科学意义。     

云南籽粒苋种质资源的表型多样性分析

为了系统分析云南籽粒苋种质资源的表型遗传多样性。采用遗传多样性指数、主成分分析、相关分析和聚类分析对104份云南籽粒苋种质资源的30个表型性状进行研究。结果表明,遗传多样性指数最高的质量性状和数量性状分别是主花序形状(1.68)和主花序长度(2.07)。前10个主成分累计贡献率达到73.944%,单株鲜体重与第3、第6、第9主成分极显著正相关,单株粒重与第9主成分极显著正相关。聚类分析将104份种质划分为5类,第Ⅰ类群可为间套种亲本材料,第Ⅱ和Ⅲ类群可为大粒亲本材料,第Ⅳ类群可为优质饲用亲本材料,第Ⅴ类群可为观赏类亲本材料。云南籽粒苋种质资源表型性状具有丰富的遗传多样性,有较大的开发利用潜力。